Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) shrinks fibroids by reducing their blood supply, and it does not remove the uterus. That is the short version of how this minimally invasive procedure works. This guide explains the steps, who may be a candidate, and what recovery and follow up can look like.
Fibroids are noncancerous growths in or on the uterus. They can cause heavy or long periods, pelvic pressure, frequent urination, constipation, or pain with sex. Many patients look for treatments that can help them feel better while avoiding major surgery when possible, and at VidaVascular, UFE is offered as a minimally invasive option for fibroid symptom relief.
How does UFE shrink fibroids?
UFE (also called uterine artery embolization) is a procedure designed to shrink fibroids by reducing their blood supply. Fibroids tend to hog blood flow, and UFE takes advantage of that.
Here is the simple version:
- A specialist uses imaging guidance to place a thin tube (catheter) into an artery.
- Tiny particles are delivered to block the small blood vessels feeding the fibroids.
- With less blood supply, fibroids typically shrink over time, and symptoms often improve.
Over time, UFE can reduce both bleeding symptoms and pressure symptoms. Research shows it can improve quality of life and reduce symptoms for many patients.
Before any of this happens, you need to know what is behind your symptoms. Fibroids are made of muscle and fibrous tissue, and symptoms often depend on where a fibroid sits and how big it is. The same symptoms can also happen with other conditions, like adenomyosis or endometriosis, so a proper evaluation matters.
Is UFE a uterus preserving option?
UFE does not remove the uterus, and it does not involve a large abdominal incision. It is considered a uterus preserving option, which may matter for personal or medical reasons. That is why many people ask about it when they want to explore choices beyond major surgery.
Preserving the uterus does not mean there are no tradeoffs. Some people may need additional treatment later, such as repeat embolization or surgery for persistent symptoms. Changes in ovarian function or earlier menopause are also possible, especially in older patients. The risk varies, and it is part of the counseling process.
If you hope to become pregnant, tell your care team early. Fertility after UFE is possible, but it should be discussed carefully. UFE is well studied and many patients do well, but it is not a one size fits all fix.
Am I a candidate for UFE?
UFE can be a good fit for people who have fibroid symptoms that affect daily life and want a uterus preserving option. The right choice depends on your symptoms, your fibroid type and location, your overall health, and your future pregnancy goals.
You may be a good candidate if you have:
- Heavy or prolonged periods linked to fibroids
- Pelvic pressure or bulk symptoms, such as bloating, urinary frequency, or constipation
- Fibroids confirmed on imaging
- A preference to avoid or delay major surgery
You may need a different approach, or extra caution, if you:
- Are pregnant
- Have a suspected cancer or an unclear diagnosis that needs more workup
- Have an active pelvic infection
- Have severe allergy or kidney issues that could affect certain imaging or medications
- Are trying to conceive soon or have complex fertility concerns
Your care team can talk through UFE alongside other fibroid treatment options, so you can make a decision that fits your body and your life.
What should you expect with recovery and follow up?
Even though UFE is minimally invasive, it is still a real procedure, and your body needs time to recover. Experiences vary, but many people feel the most intense cramping and fatigue in the first few days, then improve steadily.
In general, patients can expect:
- A pre procedure visit where symptoms, medical history, and imaging are reviewed
- Cramping and pelvic pain after the procedure, managed with a care plan and medications
- Gradual symptom improvement over weeks to months as fibroids shrink
- Follow up to track recovery and symptom changes
Other possible effects include nausea, post embolization syndrome (a flu like feeling with low fever and discomfort), and passage of fibroid tissue, which is more likely with certain fibroid locations. Infection is uncommon but serious when it happens.
When should you call your care team right away?
Call your care team right away if you have warning signs such as:
- High fever
- Worsening severe pain that is not improving
- Fainting, chest pain, or shortness of breath
- Heavy bleeding that soaks through pads rapidly
- Foul smelling discharge
VidaVascular will provide instructions tailored to you, including what to watch for and when to follow up. Keep those instructions handy during your recovery, and do not hesitate to call if something feels wrong.
When should you see a vascular specialist?
If fibroid symptoms are disrupting your work, sleep, energy, or confidence, an evaluation can help clarify what is causing your symptoms and what choices make the most sense for you. Learn more about our uterine fibroid embolization service, or see the full list of conditions we evaluate.
If you are exploring minimally invasive fibroid treatment, the goal of a visit is to understand whether UFE fits your situation. VidaVascular offers UFE with a patient focused approach that starts with education and clear next steps, not pressure.
Ready to talk it through? Call VidaVascular at (866) 800-2346 or request an appointment online. We see patients at our offices in Oxon Hill and White Plains, MD and Springfield, VA. You can find addresses on our locations page. Most major insurance providers are accepted, so call to confirm your plan.
References
- Manyonda, I., Belli, A. M., Lumsden, M. A., Moss, J. G., McKinnon, W., Middleton, L. J., Cheed, V., Wu, O., Sirkeci, F., Daniels, J. P., McPherson, K., & FEMME Collaborative Group. (2020). Uterine artery embolization or myomectomy for uterine fibroids. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(5), 440-451. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1914735
- de Bruijn, A. M., Ankum, W. M., Reekers, J. A., Birnie, E., van der Kooij, S. M., Volkers, N. A., & Hehenkamp, W. J. K. (2016). Uterine artery embolization vs hysterectomy in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids: 10 year outcomes from the randomized EMMY trial. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 215(6), 745.e1-745.e12. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.06.051
- Moss, J. G., Cooper, K. G., Khaund, A., Murray, L. S., Murray, G. D., Wu, O., Craig, L. E., & Lumsden, M. A. (2011). Randomised comparison of uterine artery embolisation with surgical treatment in patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids (REST trial): 5 year results. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 118(8), 936-944. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.02952.x
- Goodwin, S. C., Spies, J. B., Worthington Kirsch, R., Peterson, E., Pron, G., Li, S., Myers, E. R., & FIBROID Registry Steering Committee and Core Site Investigators. (2008). Uterine artery embolization for treatment of leiomyomata: Long term outcomes from the FIBROID Registry. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 111(1), 22-33. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000296526.71749.c9
- Edwards, R. D., Moss, J. G., Lumsden, M. A., Wu, O., Murray, L. S., Twaddle, S., & Committee of the Randomized Trial of Embolization versus Surgical Treatment for Fibroids. (2007). Uterine artery embolization versus surgery for symptomatic uterine fibroids. The New England Journal of Medicine, 356(4), 360-370. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa062003
- Mohan, P. P., Hamblin, M. H., & Vogelzang, R. L. (2013). Uterine artery embolization and its effect on fertility. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 24(7), 925-930. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2013.03.014
- Dariushnia, S. R., Nikolic, B., Stokes, L. S., & Spies, J. B. (2014). Quality improvement guidelines for uterine artery embolization for symptomatic leiomyomata. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 25(11), 1737-1747. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2014.08.029
